{"id":7502,"date":"2025-07-26T11:19:17","date_gmt":"2025-07-26T15:19:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innoticiasbo.com\/?p=7502"},"modified":"2025-07-26T17:45:27","modified_gmt":"2025-07-26T21:45:27","slug":"multilateralismo-entre-la-cooperacion-y-el-dogma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/innoticiasbo.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/26\/multilateralismo-entre-la-cooperacion-y-el-dogma\/","title":{"rendered":"MULTILATERALISMO, ENTRE LA COOPERACI\u00d3N Y EL DOGMA"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
Por Javier Viscarra Valdivia<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
\u201cDemocracia siempre\u201d. As\u00ed se titula la declaraci\u00f3n que, el pasado 21 de julio, firmaron en Santiago de Chile cinco presidentes: Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Espa\u00f1a y Uruguay. Un lema impecable, aunque vac\u00edo si se confronta con la realidad que estos mismos l\u00edderes prefieren ignorar; la demolici\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica de la democracia en Venezuela o la deriva autoritaria de reg\u00edmenes amigos. Pero eso no aparece en el documento. Tampoco una condena expl\u00edcita a quienes han convertido la reelecci\u00f3n indefinida en norma o el fraude electoral en arte.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
M\u00e1s preocupante a\u00fan, la declaraci\u00f3n abre la puerta a un nuevo tipo de intervenci\u00f3n estatal bajo el disfraz del \u201cimperativo \u00e9tico y pol\u00edtico\u201d para enfrentar fen\u00f3menos globales como la desigualdad, la desinformaci\u00f3n y \u201clos desaf\u00edos que plantean las tecnolog\u00edas digitales y la inteligencia artificial\u201d. El verbo elegido no es casual: enfrentar. No se habla de promover, de aprovechar, de generar capacidades. Se plantea un combate, como si la innovaci\u00f3n tecnol\u00f3gica fuese una amenaza antes que una oportunidad. El riesgo es evidente; la tentaci\u00f3n de regular desde el prejuicio, en nombre de una supuesta defensa de la democracia que, parad\u00f3jicamente, puede terminar asfixiando libertades.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
Como bien sostuvo Robert Keohane, el multilateralismo no es solo coordinaci\u00f3n, es un \u201cprincipio institucional para organizar las relaciones internacionales basadas en reglas generales de conducta\u201d, no en caprichos coyunturales. Y, sin embargo, lo que se propuso en Chile no es reforzar ese principio, sino diluirlo en una narrativa pol\u00edtica que busca instalar un multilateralismo militante, m\u00e1s ideol\u00f3gico que normativo.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
La declaraci\u00f3n insiste en reformar la gobernanza global y est\u00e1 bien, pero sin una sola menci\u00f3n a lo esencial; el cumplimiento efectivo de las normas ya existentes, entre ellas la Carta Democr\u00e1tica Interamericana, por ejemplo. Ese documento, cuyo texto fue arduamente negociado y donde el recordado embajador boliviano Marcelo Ostria Trigo dej\u00f3 su impronta, es un pilar para la defensa colectiva de la democracia. Pero este nuevo discurso en la reuni\u00f3n de Chile lo esquiva, porque prefiere las \u201cnarrativas alternativas\u201d y los \u201ccompromisos flexibles\u201d antes que mecanismos de responsabilidad.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
\u00bfEs casual que la declaraci\u00f3n de Santiago omita pronunciarse sobre el fraude obsceno en Venezuela? \u00bfO que hable de \u201cextremismos\u201d sin nombrar los que se incuban bajo su propio paraguas ideol\u00f3gico? Mientras tanto, los pa\u00edses que se presentan como adalides del progresismo exhiben econom\u00edas exhaustas y democracias erosionadas. Bolivia es un ejemplo dram\u00e1tico con una inflaci\u00f3n preocupante, un mercado negro de d\u00f3lares donde la divisa vale el doble que la cotizaci\u00f3n oficial y un Estado que quema las pocas reservas comprando combustibles a precios exorbitantes para venderlos subsidiados, sangrando las arcas p\u00fablicas y alimentando redes de corrupci\u00f3n. Todo para sostener un \u201cModelo Econ\u00f3mico Social Comunitario Productivo\u201d que hace aguas por todos lados, pero que el gobierno insiste en venerar como dogma.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
La incoherencia es evidente; se habla de \u00e9tica democr\u00e1tica mientras se calla frente a la autocracia; se invoca la lucha contra la desigualdad mientras se promueven pol\u00edticas que la agravan; se demoniza la tecnolog\u00eda mientras se la utiliza para la propaganda oficial. Y todo esto bajo el paraguas de un supuesto nuevo multilateralismo, que m\u00e1s que renovar, amenaza con erosionar principios b\u00e1sicos como la soberan\u00eda equilibrada, la cooperaci\u00f3n sin imposiciones y el respeto a la diversidad real, no la dictada por un manual ideol\u00f3gico.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
Un verdadero multilateralismo exige reglas claras, organismos eficaces, Estados responsables. Supone liberar a las instituciones internacionales de la captura ideol\u00f3gica, no destruirlas ni vaciarlas de contenido. Reformar la ONU o la OEA no deber\u00eda significar colonizarlas con agendas excluyentes, sino reforzar su capacidad para prevenir conflictos, sancionar violaciones a la democracia y articular consensos en un mundo cada vez m\u00e1s fragmentado. <\/span>\n<\/div>\n
Durante a\u00f1os, ciertos grupos progresistas encontraron en estos organismos un refugio perfecto con cargos bien remunerados, discursos que suenan a justicia, y un poder suave que permite condicionar agendas nacionales. Desde all\u00ed, han promovido un revisionismo institucional que debilita la raz\u00f3n de ser del sistema; garantizar la paz, la cooperaci\u00f3n y la democracia representativa. <\/span>\n<\/div>\n
Y Bolivia, que por dos d\u00e9cadas se aproxim\u00f3 a esta visi\u00f3n ideol\u00f3gica llamada \u201cprogresista\u201d, deber\u00eda tomar nota. No hay tiempo que perder para recuperar una pol\u00edtica exterior pragm\u00e1tica, sin alineamientos autom\u00e1ticos, que vuelva a colocar en el centro los intereses nacionales. La diplomacia no es militancia, es estrategia. Y si seguimos atrapados en consignas, llegaremos tarde \u2014otra vez\u2014 al mundo que cambia.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Javier Viscarra Valdivia \u201cDemocracia siempre\u201d. As\u00ed se titula la declaraci\u00f3n que, el pasado 21 de julio, firmaron en Santiago de Chile cinco presidentes: Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Espa\u00f1a y Uruguay. Un lema impecable, aunque vac\u00edo si se confronta con la realidad que estos mismos l\u00edderes prefieren ignorar; la demolici\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica de la democracia en Venezuela…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7501,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1,17],"tags":[669,521,265,963],"class_list":["post-7502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bolivia","category-opinion","tag-diplomacia","tag-javier-viscarra","tag-opinion","tag-relaciones-internacionales"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"\nMULTILATERALISMO, ENTRE LA COOPERACI\u00d3N Y EL DOGMA - innoticiasbo.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/innoticiasbo.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/26\/multilateralismo-entre-la-cooperacion-y-el-dogma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MULTILATERALISMO, ENTRE LA COOPERACI\u00d3N Y EL DOGMA - innoticiasbo.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por Javier Viscarra Valdivia \u201cDemocracia siempre\u201d. 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